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Heegaard Floer homology of spatial graphs

Shelly Harvey and Danielle O’Donnol

Algebraic & Geometric Topology 17 (2017) 1445–1525
Abstract

We extend the theory of combinatorial link Floer homology to a class of oriented spatial graphs called transverse spatial graphs. To do this, we define the notion of a grid diagram representing a transverse spatial graph, which we call a graph grid diagram. We prove that two graph grid diagrams representing the same transverse spatial graph are related by a sequence of graph grid moves, generalizing the work of Cromwell for links. For a graph grid diagram representing a transverse spatial graph f : G S3, we define a relatively bigraded chain complex (which is a module over a multivariable polynomial ring) and show that its homology is preserved under the graph grid moves; hence it is an invariant of the transverse spatial graph. In fact, we define both a minus and hat version. Taking the graded Euler characteristic of the homology of the hat version gives an Alexander type polynomial for the transverse spatial graph. Specifically, for each transverse spatial graph f, we define a balanced sutured manifold (S3 f(G),γ(f)). We show that the graded Euler characteristic is the same as the torsion of (S3 f(G),γ(f)) defined by S Friedl, A Juhász, and J Rasmussen.

Keywords
spatial graphs, Heegaard Floer homology, grid diagrams, embedded graph
Mathematical Subject Classification 2010
Primary: 57M15
Secondary: 05C10
References
Publication
Received: 23 September 2015
Revised: 11 October 2016
Accepted: 28 October 2016
Published: 17 July 2017
Authors
Shelly Harvey
Department of Mathematics
Rice University
MS 136, PO Box 1892
Houston, TX 77251-1892
United States
Danielle O’Donnol
Department of Mathematics
Indiana University
Rawles Hall
831 E 3rd St
Bloomington, IN 47505
United States