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Distortion of surfaces
in graph manifolds
G Christopher Hruska and Hoang Thanh Nguyen |
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Algebraic & Geometric Topology 19 (2019) 363–395
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Abstract |
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Let be an immersed horizontal surface in a –dimensional graph manifold. We show that the fundamental group of the surface is quadratically distorted whenever the surface is virtually embedded (ie separable) and is exponentially distorted when the surface is not virtually embedded. |
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Keywords
graph manifold, separable subgroup, distortion
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Mathematical Subject Classification 2010
Primary: 20F65, 20F67, 57M50
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References |
Publication
Received: 19 January 2018
Revised: 19 June 2018
Accepted: 20 August 2018
Published: 6 February 2019
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Authors |
| G Christopher Hruska | |
| Department of Mathematical
Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI United States |
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| Hoang Thanh Nguyen | |
| Department of Mathematical
Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI United States |
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