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Monge–Ampère gravitation as a $\Gamma$-limit of good rate functions

Luigi Ambrosio, Aymeric Baradat and Yann Brenier

Vol. 16 (2023), No. 9, 2005–2040
Abstract

Monge–Ampère gravitation is a modification of the classical Newtonian gravitation where the linear Poisson equation is replaced by the nonlinear Monge–Ampère equation. This paper is concerned with the rigorous derivation of Monge–Ampère gravitation for a finite number of particles from the stochastic model of a Brownian point cloud, following the formal ideas of a recent work by Brenier (Bull. Inst. Math. Acad. Sin. 11:1(2016), 23–41). This is done in two steps. First, we compute the good rate function corresponding to a large deviation problem related to the Brownian point cloud at fixed positive diffusivity. Second, we study the Γ-convergence of this good rate function, as the diffusivity tends to zero, toward a (nonsmooth) Lagrangian encoding the Monge–Ampère dynamic. Surprisingly, the singularities of the limiting Lagrangian correspond to dissipative phenomena. As an illustration, we show that they lead to sticky collisions in one space dimension.

Keywords
Monge–Ampère gravitation, large deviations, $\Gamma$-convergence, Lagrangian mechanics, interacting particle systems
Mathematical Subject Classification
Primary: 49J52, 60F10, 70F40, 70B05
Milestones
Received: 8 September 2020
Revised: 17 January 2022
Accepted: 9 April 2022
Published: 11 November 2023
Authors
Luigi Ambrosio
Scuola Normale Superiore
Pisa
Italy
Aymeric Baradat
Université Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR5208
Institut Camille Jordan
Villeurbanne
France
Yann Brenier
École Normale Supérieure
Paris
France

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