Estimating the prevalence of a sensitive trait in a population is not a simple task due
to the general tendency among survey respondents to answer sensitive questions in a
way that is socially desirable. Use of randomized response techniques (RRT) is one of
several approaches for reducing the impact of this tendency. However, despite the
additional privacy provided by RRT models, some respondents may still provide
an untruthful response. We consider the impact of untruthful responding
on binary unrelated-question RRT models and observe that even if only a
small number of respondents lie, a significant bias may be introduced to the
model. We propose a binary unrelated-question model that accounts for
those respondents who may respond untruthfully. This adds an extra layer of
precaution to the estimation of the sensitive trait and decreases the importance of
presurvey respondent training. Our results are validated using a simulation
study.
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