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Groups, conjugation and powers

Markus Szymik and Torstein Vik

Vol. 18 (2025), No. 3, 387–399
Abstract

We introduce the notion of the power quandle of a group, an algebraic structure that forgets the multiplication but keeps the conjugation and the power maps. Compared with plain quandles, power quandles are much better invariants of groups. We show that they determine the central quotient of any group and the center of any finite group. Any group can be canonically approximated by the associated group of its power quandle, which we show to be a central extension, with a universal property and a computable kernel. This allows us to present any group as a quotient of a group with a power-conjugation presentation by an abelian subgroup that is determined by the power quandle and low-dimensional homological invariants.

Keywords
groups, quandles, power operations
Mathematical Subject Classification
Primary: 20A05, 20F05, 20J06, 20N02
Milestones
Received: 29 April 2022
Accepted: 28 February 2024
Published: 28 April 2025

Communicated by Józef H. Przytycki
Authors
Markus Szymik
Department of Mathematical Sciences
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Trondheim
Norway
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
University of Sheffield
Sheffield
United Kingdom
Torstein Vik
Department of Mathematical Sciences
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Trondheim
Norway