We study the onset of localisation of plastic deformation for a class of materials that
exhibit both temperature and rate sensitivity. The onset of localisation is
determined via an energy bifurcation criterion, defined by the postulate that
viscoplastic materials admit a critical (mechanical) energy input above which
deformation becomes unstable and plastic localisation ensues. In analogy to the
classical concepts of mechanics, the conditions for the onset of localisation in
temperature-sensitive viscoplastic materials are reached at a critical stress. However,
it is shown that in viscoplastic materials a material bifurcation occurs when the
heat supply through mechanical work surpasses the diffusion capabilities
of the material. This transition from near-isothermal stable evolution to
near-adiabatic thermal runaway is the well-known concept of shear heating. Here, it
is generalised and the correspondence between this runaway instability and
the localisation of plastic deformation in solid mechanics is detailed. The
obtained phase space controlling the localisation is shown to govern the
evolution of the system in the postyield regime. These results suggest that the
energy balance essentially drives the evolution of the plastic deformation and
therefore constitutes a physics-based hardening law for thermoviscoplastic
materials.
Keywords
bifurcation analysis, localisation of plastic deformation,
energy balance, slip lines