Peridynamics (PD) is a recently proposed nonlocal continuum theory that is
particularly suitable for describing fracture mechanics. It employs an integral
formulation that remains valid even when discontinuities are present. However, a
surface effect exists because of incomplete neighborhoods of boundary points in PD.
The surface effect can often be the most significant source of errors in PD simulations
and the influence of the surface effect on dynamic failure has not attracted significant
attention. In this study, the attenuation bond-based peridynamics (ABPD) model is
proposed by considering the internal length effect of long-range forces. Then, a new
hybrid model of ABPD and FEM is proposed for removing the surface effect, and five
frequently-used correction methods for the PD surface effect are rewritten and
examined to evaluate the influence of the surface effect on the PD simulation of
dynamic fractures in brittle materials. Furthermore, the critical fracture
criteria corresponding to them are given. Finally, three numerical tests are
investigated. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid model of ABPD
and FEM is capable of removing the surface effect and captures the crack
progression, and the influence of the PD surface effect on dynamic fractures
depends on the corresponding fracture criterion of the surface correction
method.