The work of Eilenberg and
MacLane shows that a map from one space to another may induce the zero map on
homotopy groups, yet be essential. The purpose of this paper is to give a
characterization of such maps in terms of Postnikov decompositions of the spaces. As
applications, we consider what additional information is needed to make
such a map null-homotopic, and we prove a proposition concerning Chern
classes.