An R-module, A, is
self-small if Hom(A,−) preserves direct sums of copies of A. Various conditions on
the endomorphism ring of a module which guarantee that it is self-small are studied.
Various results are proved about subgroups of direct sums or direct products of
copies of a self-small abelian group A, which generalize results previously known
when A is torsion free of rank one.