The Master Theorem of
Ramanujan (1913), so named because of its centrality in much of Ramanujan’s work
on definite integrals, hypergeometric functions, and series expansions, relates
coefficients in the Taylor’s expansion of a function to the Mellin transform of the
function over the interval (0,∞). In this paper we extend the setting of this classical
theorem to apply to spherical series and spherical transforms on symmetric cones
(also known as domains of positivity). To illustrate the range of applications of this
theorem we obtain higher dimensional analogues of Carlson’s uniqueness theorem for
holomorphic functions, Newton’s interpolation formula, and Mellin-Barnes integrals
for certain hypergeometric functions.