Recent major progress in
the study of the homology cobordism group of homology 3-spheres is related to the
work of Fukumoto, Furuta, and Ue on their w-invariant. We identify the w-invariant
with the μ-invariant of Neumann and Siebenmann for all plumbed homology spheres.
This leads to proving that all Seifert fibered and some classes of plumbed homology
spheres with nontrivial Rohlin invariant have infinite order in the homology
cobordism group.