Vol. 215, No. 2, 2004

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Every tight immersion in three-space of the projective plane with one handle is asymmetric

Davide P. Cervone

Vol. 215 (2004), No. 2, 223–243
Abstract

Kuiper’s original analysis of tight surfaces showed that every surface has a tight immersion in three-space except for the Klein bottle and the projective plane, which have none, and the projective plane with one handle, for which he was unable to determine whether a tight immersion was possible. The latter obtained a unique position among surfaces when it was shown that no smooth tight immersion of it can be formed, while a polyhedral one does exist. Continuing in its role as an unusual example, this surface has another unexpected property, demonstrated here: Any tight immersion is necessarily asymmetric, while every other surface can be immersed tightly and symmetrically in space.

Milestones
Received: 2 July 2001
Revised: 13 April 2002
Published: 1 June 2004
Authors
Davide P. Cervone
Department of Mathematics
Union College
Schenectady, NY 12308