Abstract

We demonstrate the generic existence of Dirac cones in the full Bistritzer–MacDonald Hamiltonian for twisted bilayer graphene. Its complementary set, when a two-fold degeneracy occurs but Dirac cones are absent, is the set of magic angles. We show the stability of magic angles obtained in the chiral limit by demonstrating that the perfectly flat bands transform into quadratic band crossings when perturbing away from the chiral limit. Moreover, using the invariance of Euler number, we show that at magic angles there are more band crossings beyond these quadratic band crossings. This is the first result showing the existence of magic angles for the full Bistritzer–MacDonald Hamiltonian.

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